Parvaneh Mahmudi; Baharak Motamedvaziri; majid hosseini; Hasan Ahmadi; Ata Amini
Abstract
This study focuses on simulation and management the various hydrological responses to climatic changes. The semi-distributed hydrologic model SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) was used to evaluate runoff and water balance due to climate changes in Siminehroud and Zarrinehroud watersheds. The simulation ...
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This study focuses on simulation and management the various hydrological responses to climatic changes. The semi-distributed hydrologic model SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) was used to evaluate runoff and water balance due to climate changes in Siminehroud and Zarrinehroud watersheds. The simulation period was selected between 1990 and 2014. The assessment results in the calibration and validation periods using the NS and R2 obtained 0.75, on average. Using statistical multisite downscaling of LARS-WG climatic models MIROC-ESM-CHEM، GFDL-ESM2M and NorESM1-M the future climatic condition entered to the model using two optimistic RCP2.6 and pessimistic RCP8.5 scenarios. The largest changes in runoff in the upcoming period, May, reduced by 2.4 m3 s-1 and in April, increased by 1.49 m3 s-1 in the optimistic scenario. In RCP8.5 pessimistic scenario in May and June, also the highest runoff was observed. The rate of actual monthly evaporation will increase in the optimistic scenario up to 3 mm and in the pessimistic scenario up to 8 mm increase will have a negative impact on the available water resources in the watershed. With estimation the climate changes and its effect on the stream flow discharge is possible performing a suitable management in Siminehroud and Zarrinehroud watersheds.
Ata Amini; Jahangir Porhemmat; Hossein Sedri
Abstract
Virtual water concepts and water productivity are considered as powerful tools for analyzing issues related to water resource management. This research was conducted to use the indicators of physical and economic productivity of water, in water resources management in Talvar Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran. ...
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Virtual water concepts and water productivity are considered as powerful tools for analyzing issues related to water resource management. This research was conducted to use the indicators of physical and economic productivity of water, in water resources management in Talvar Watershed, Kurdistan, Iran. The data from field observation, meteorological and climatic, water resources, agriculture, irrigation and watershed management were collected. The crop area of the irrigated products in the watershed was identified and their cultivation percentage was determined. Data on the growth of these products and their water consumption were calculated using CROPWAT software and field data. Using the results of data analyzing, management indicators such as physical productivity and economic productivity of products were calculated. Results showed that five crops of wheat, potato, barley, alfalfa and clover make up more than 93% of the irrigated products area of the watershed. It was found that the potato and wheat were with highest and lowest physical efficiency, respectively. The potato is with highes productivity as 3.46 and wheat was with lowest one as 0.43 kg m-3. Despite of low physical efficiency for wheat, the major part of water consumption in this crop was from green water, while the potato is using the lowest rate of green water. In terms of economic productivity, barley and potato products were with most net economic benefits. The results of this research can lead to proper management and appropriate water resources in the basin.
Ata Amini
Abstract
In basins where the water demands surpasses the available resources, water shortage crisis occurs and the deficiency balance is essential to be reciprocated. In such basins, inter-basin water transfer has been announced as a method to supply new water resources. In such projects the potential of donor ...
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In basins where the water demands surpasses the available resources, water shortage crisis occurs and the deficiency balance is essential to be reciprocated. In such basins, inter-basin water transfer has been announced as a method to supply new water resources. In such projects the potential of donor and recipient basins are not assessed properly. In this study, the inter-basin water transfer project from Sirwan to Sefidrood and Karkheh basins was evaluated. The assessment is based on the ability of donor basin to meet current needs and maintain water resources for future development. For this purpose, while the areas prone in the basin were identified, different scenarios were defined for agricultural development and water consumption in the Sirwan basin. In determining agricultural development scenarios the quantitative criteria with the utmost impact on the development of agricultural land were identified as maps in the GIS software. Water consumption scenarios were determined based on estimated net irrigation requirement for agricultural crops using Cropwatt software. The results showed that the basin enjoys a high potential for agricultural development. So that the annual water restoration will be less than the future water needs in the basin. These results advocate the need to reassess the inter-basin water transfer projects in Iran.
Ata Amini; Rangin Haydari; Majid Hosseini; Nader Jalali
Abstract
The land use programming is vital since inappropriate land use can endanger soil and water resources in a region and reduce their quality and quantity for future generations. While land development based on its ability are always facing limitations. This research is conducted with a sustainable approach ...
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The land use programming is vital since inappropriate land use can endanger soil and water resources in a region and reduce their quality and quantity for future generations. While land development based on its ability are always facing limitations. This research is conducted with a sustainable approach to manage water resources and land programming in line with make optimal use of limited land, soil and water in the watershed. For this purpose, the required information to prepare a development model based on the land potential, were collected. Using the ArcGIS software, essential maps including map of slope, altitude, driving directions, land form, hydrographic, soil and vegetation, and density, were derived. By combining layers of information, the lands abilities were extracted in term of 107 ecological units. The meteorological data, hydrometer and the sources and consumptions of water resources of the watershed were collected and analyzed. The results showed that 88.2 percent and 11.6 percent are currently the area of agriculture and orchards. While the watershed potential for these practices are as 78.9 and 19.1, respectively. However, lack of attention to the potential water resources of the region, which is mostly as groundwater, caused a drop in groundwater level about 0.85 m per year and consequently the risk of soil and water resources in the region. The results indicate the importance of integrated water resources management and natural potentials in sustainable development in the watershed.
